4.1 Synopsis
In relation to the ACB AHP SGP objectives, social and economic development planning is investment led and largely directed towards development. There is less emphasis on the strategic environmental impact of development. Climate change, at the district level is less well-understood and as a result development risks discounting ecosystem goods and services and the AHP does not appear to be well-integrated into the LSEDP.
An important aspect of the SGP should be to raise the general awareness of climate change in order to climate-proof social and economic development planning with emphasis on mitigation and adaptation to the effects of global warming.
Participation by local authorities in SG activities is highly recommended as a means to build capacities to plan and manage buffer zone resources through a holistic and participatory approach in order to build in adaptability necessary to address rapid changes resulting from climate change and larger global challenges such as rising world prices for energy, agricultural inputs and food supplies. This will be achieved largely through awareness raising programmes and exposure to participatory planning.
4.2 Brief Overview of the Plan
Table 5 shows the focus of the overview provincial and district plans. Details of each plan could be referred in Annex 10.
Table 5. Key contents in the socio-economic development plan at provincial and district levels
| Provincial level | Forestry development towards sustainability, livelihood improvement, increase of forest cover and climate change adaptationAn annual average rate of poor household decrease is 0.8% or more (according to multiple-aspects approach of criteria on poverty in the period of 2016-2020)Percentage of trained labor is expected to reach 65% by 2025New annual area of planting forest will be 8000 ha or more; forest cover is expected to reach 47.75% by 2025Per capita GRDP is expected to reach 79.5 milion VND/yearPercentage of households using clean water will be 98% by 2025 | ||
| District level | Kbang | Mang Yang | Đak Đoa |
| Per capita income by 2025: 47 million VND/year Annual average rate of poor household decrease: 0.4%Percentage of trained labor of the total number of employees in working age: 50%New area of planting forests: 1,000 ha; forest cover: 70.5% or morePercentage of households using clean water: 99.5%. | Per capita income by the end of the period is expected to reach 56 million VND/yearThe rate of poor households decreases annually on average from 1% to 2% of the total number of households in the district; by 2025, the rate will be lower than 5%The rate of trained workers is 33.2%The area of newly planted forest in the period is 500 ha or more; Forest cover will be 49.57% or morePercentage of households in urban areas using clean water is expected to reach 75%; The rate of households in rural areas using hygienic water will reach 99%. | The rate of poor households by 2025 will be below 3%The rate of trained workers by 2025 will be over 50%By 2025, the forest cover rate will increase to 31.5%(4) Most urban and rural residents have access to clean, hygienic water |
4.3 Existing Facilities/Infrastructure Supporting the Livelihood Development
4.3.1. Human Resources
Total population of buffer zone communes in KKKNP is 24,906 people in which Kinh peoples accounting for 20.16%, while ethnic minority groups accounting for 79.84%. These communes have 19,777 labors including 10,090 male and 9,687 female. Most of the labors work in agriculture while a few people do both farming and another part-time job.
4.3.2. Infrastructure conditions
- Transport system
The inter-district and inter-village roads leading to the park’s headquarters and leading to tourist routes have mostly been invested and upgraded. The traffic system in the area of KKKNP includes:
- National highway No. 19 passes through the territory of 2 communes Ha Ra and AYun with a length of about 20 km.
- Route No. 669 with relatively good quality has the total length of about 90 km, starting from National Highway 19 in An Khe Town, passing K’Bang Town, Krong Commune, Dak Rong, cutting through KKKNP about 10 km and to Kon Pne commune.
- The inter-district and inter-commune routes start from National Highway 19. This route has a total length of about 40 km, of which the road is asphalted about 18 km, the rest is low-quality and very difficult to travel in the rainy season. The road segment passing through KKKNP is about 8 km.
- The National Park’s internal road is about 5 km long.
- Culture, information and public infrastructure (i.e. power and communication system)
In the area, there is a cell phone broadcasting station of Viettel, but the coverage is not completed and the Wifi network is not stable. The national electrical grid has completely covered all villages and hamlets but still often has problems with the electric wire causing frequent power outages in the rainy season.
The buffer zone of KKKNP is located far from the economic centers of the districts, as well as that of Gia Lai province, with complicated topography, scattered population. Therefore, it has many difficulties investing in infrastructure construction as well as economic development.
The infrastructure of the buffer zone has been improved, but there are still many limitations such as traffic has been difficult in the rainy season, phone signal is not completely covered and the Wifi network is not stable; the education and health system has not really met the needs of local people.
4.4. Funding Resources
There is no data available for the funding resources.